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Roger Federer’s Yesterdays and Tomorrows – A Champion’s Fate

Roger Federer has achieved so much in his career it boggles the mind. He holds or shares hundreds of records, achievements, and awards in tennis. Led by his record 17 Major titles in the Grand Slam arena, and over 300 weeks ranked the No. 1 player in the world, one wonders what is left for him to do in the future? What is his motivation to continue? He has said he loves the sport, so one might think he will play as long as he is physically able to play, within the limits of his family priorities, and as long as he is happy playing.

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I would not be surprised to see Roger play more doubles as he ages. I think it benefits and compliments his particular game. There is much more precision required in doubles, including serving and returns. If played correctly, it obviously helps one’s net play and confidence at the net. Quick thinking tactics and execution are extremely important to set up a winner. Quick footwork and agility are more at a premium in doubles than pure side-to-side movement.

Overall, I think some more doubles play would help him accentuate his strengths and improve some of his weaknesses.

Doubles obviously doesn’t require nor would it help much with fitness or endurance, but Federer’s game was never really based on that, and at this stage in his career, I don’t see that changing. He doesn’t have to change his game to a grinding style and constantly rally for 15+ shots as that isn’t his strength. My guess is that he will work on as many of his strengths as his health allows. These strengths are what set him apart and made him the competitor he is.

First, he can work on his serve. According to the ATP’s Match Facts statistics, as recently as 2012, he won 91% of his service games, third highest on the tour, while playing 80 matches. (Raonic was first with 93%, and Isner second with 92% but playing fewer matches — 62 and 60, respectively.) Federer’s 91% last year was higher than his career average of 88%, and the second highest in his career (92% in 2004). This year, Federer has won 88% of his service games. Yes, it is his career average, but I think it needs to be higher to have an edge these days. And if one looks inside the numbers, the biggest difference is his second serve winning percentage. Last year, he topped all players on tour with an excellent 60% of second serves won. (Nadal was second with 57%.) So far this year, Federer has dropped to 56% (his career avg.-2nd), while Nadal is second with 57% (his career avg.- 1st) and Djokovic leads with 59% (career avg. 55%-6th). Interestingly, Murray and Berdych are 26th and 27th with only 52% (also their career avg.). These percentage differences may look small, but the differences are small among the top players and any edge is vital. Finally, serving well gives Federer confidence in the rest of his game. Confidence is obviously important.

Second, Federer undoubtedly realizes that he needs to focus on the key points more. His break points converted (39%) and break points saved (65%) this year have both dipped. Last year, they were 42% and 69%. Career wise, he has averaged 41% and 67%.

Curiously, his return statistics this year are about the same as last year and for his career, maybe even very slightly better.

Federer does have to have enough fortitude to have the patience when required to set up a point and then go for the clean winner when there is an opening. But even then, his tactics and execution have to improve from some of the play he has recently exhibited. He can’t set up the point perfectly, and then hit right back to the opponent instead of the open court. The “hit behind the player” tactic should be used more sparingly to surprise a player. He also can’t bungle shots when he has the opponent at his mercy. He did this kind of thing against Robredo, and it cost him the match as he admittedly self-destructed.

Despite that result, I don’t think he is far off the mark; just more inconsistent and a bit below normal. Perhaps that can partially be explained by his not playing as much this year. His back appears to have bothered him more during the year. He also announced that this would be a transition year (whatever that means), so perhaps some of this is self-imposed.

Will Roger Federer turn it around in 2014? Only time will tell. One day, no one can say for sure when, he won’t be able to play at a high enough level to win big tournaments or remain near the top. Some believe it has already happened this year, and perhaps it has, but only history will tell us for sure. I, for one, believe it’s pretty unreasonable to say that “he is finished” less than a year after he was No. 1 in the world. After all, people have been predicting his imminent demise since 2008 when he “only” won one Major and again in 2011, when he hadn’t won a Major since the 2010 Australian Open, and look what happened in 2012. Though he could win anywhere with some fortune, one would think that the Wimbledon lawn is his best chance to win another Major. The competitive ability on it is more sparse, the surface suits his game, especially if it is not too sun-baked and high bouncing, and he is co-record holder along with Pete Sampras with seven winner’s trophies.

Still, he is 32 years old and has some high mileage, fifth (only 21 matches short of Agassi) in the Open Era in matches played, and what is certain is that nobody plays men’s singles on this tour forever.

But even when Roger Federer can no longer reach the highest levels consistently, what is wrong with Roger playing on for the love of the game? Unfortunately, I believe that there are too many these days that cannot accept or appreciate performances that don’t continuously match or exceed a player’s best. Media, fans, and even the tour promoters alike seem only too eager to look at the most recent results – in a “what have you done lately” syndrome – and bury champions that still have exciting moments to give to the sport. In this writer’s eyes that is just plain wrong.

One mustn’t forget that some of the great players in the game have risen to the heights on occasion, even in the dimming twilight of their careers.

In my fading memories, I still recall a nervous almost 42-year-old Richard “Pancho” Gonzalez beating 1969 Grand Slam Champion Laver in a winner-take-all best-of-five set match in 1970 at Madison Square Garden. Gonzalez said that night he was always frightened of playing there, because it was frightening to think he might play a bad match at MSG.

Gonzalez taping his fingers before Laver MSG match

I recall 36-year-old Ken Rosewall winning the 1971 Australian Open against a strong field (he would win again at 37, but against a very depleted field), beating Emerson in the quarterfinals, Okker in the semifinals, and Ashe in straight sets in the final. At 41 and 42, in 1976 and 1977, Rosewall would make it to the semifinals in Australia.

1971 Australian Open Final – Rosewall beats Arthur Ashe

And who can forget 39-year-old Jimmy Connors’s run in the 1991 US Open coming from two sets to one down to beat Aaron Krickstein in the deciding set tiebreaker in the fourth round, then playing Paul Haarhuis at night in the quarterfinals, and whipping the crowd into a frenzy behind some incredible defending to break Haarhuis serving for a 2-0 lead, to tie the set, and eventually win the match in four sets. He finally succumbed to Jim Courier in the semifinal, but it was a most memorable run.

1991 US Open – Amazing point where Connors breaks Haarhuis in the second set to begin comeback

Enjoy them all while you still can. Like our children, they learn, they play, they struggle, they succeed to our delight much more than they fail to our sorrow, and finally they get older and leave our admiring gaze. ‘Tis ever a champion’s fate.

Credits: Cover Photo: anonlinegreenworld (Creative Commons License)

September 16, 2013
Davis Cup Round-Up: Serbia and Czech Republic Make Finals

Serbia and defending champions the Czech Republic booked their berths in the Davis Cup finals after defeating Canada and Argentina, respectively, in the tournament semifinals.

Serbia progressed in front of a passionate partisan crowd with Janko Tipsarevic defeating Vasek Pospisil 7-6, 6-2, 7-6 in the deciding rubber to secure a come-from-behind victory.

The Serbs had been down 2:1 coming into the final day after losing the doubles rubber and Tipsarevic losing a marathon five-set clash to Milos Raonic.

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Novak Djokovic pulled Serbia level with a 7-6, 6-2, 6-2 straight sets victory over Raonic, to set up a nail-biting decider between Tipsarevic and Pospisil in a winner-takes-all rubber. Tipsarevic prevailed, defeating Pospisil 7-6, 6-2, 7-6 to clinch a place in the finals for Serbia.

The Czech Republic also prevailed 3:2, but it was a less bumpy ride as they built up an unassailable 3:0 lead that assured them of a finals place before the final day. The Czech victory was built on the exploits of Radek Stepanek and Tomas Berdych. The pair won both their singles matches and teamed up in the doubles to clinch victory. The Czechs lost both dead rubbers as they fielded second string players.

They now travel to Belgrade for the final, hosted from 15-17 November 2013. It is the third time in four years that they have faced Serbia in Davis Cup competition.

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Other results:

World Group Playoffs:

Spain 5:0 Ukraine
Netherlands 5:0 Austria
Croatia 1:4 Great Britain
Switzerland 4:1 Ecuador
Germany 4:1 Brazil
Poland 1:4 Australia
Belgium 3:2 Israel
Japan 3:2 Colombia

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Cover Photo: elPadawan (Creative Commons License)

September 16, 2013
The Drums of War

Davis Cup, World Group Semifinals, and World Group Playoffs

Which maniac’s idea was it to schedule the Davis Cup semifinals for the week after the US Open? Even in the best years the turnaround is cruelly brief. It is a situation roughly analogous to the situation in Europe after the Great War, when a continent that had narrowly survived the most devastating conflict in world history began tentatively to haul itself from the abyss, only to be dragged back down by an influenza pandemic a year later. I don’t think that’s overstating the case. It’s probably even worse for the players.

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If anything the situation is more serious with tennis than it was for war-ravished Europe, since ridiculous Monday finals in New York ensure even less opportunity for recovery. (Rafael Nadal was still doing the media rounds in Manhattan while his compatriots assembled in Madrid, rehearsing their favourite motet To Have Any Chance We’ll Have To Play Our Best. Given they were facing Ukraine, it somehow came off as even more ironic than usual.) It’s as though the signing of the Treaty of Versailles had to be pushed back six months, to ensure a spot on CBS’s Spring schedule. Although I cannot say for certain that the current situation will lead irretrievably to another world war, I can vaguely imply it. Rest assured I’ll wax pretty smug if it comes to pass.

Indeed, there are further intimations that global conflict is not far off. I’ve mentioned it before, but it is surely no coincidence that Australia defeated the United States in the Davis Cup finals of both 1914 and 1939. It is thus with a certain anxiety that one notes Australia’s return to the World Group for the first time in seven years, having ravaged a depleted Poland over the weekend. All eyes will be fixed on the draw for next year’s tournament, to see where Australia and the USA fall. It’s probably a long shot that they’ll meet in the final, though it isn’t an impossibility given the rate and apparent certainty with which Nick Kyrgios, according to his self-devised slogan, is rising. There’s also Bernard Tomic.

Tomic was Australia’s hero of this weekend, inasmuch as heroism was required. He won both of his singles matches, just as he had against Uzbekistan in the previous round, although this achievement will inevitably be downplayed. The cherished narrative of Tomic as feckless wastrel has by now become so established in its course that there’s no number of Davis Cup victories that will divert it. Think of last year’s World Group qualifying tie against Germany, when Tomic won Australia’s only singles rubber, in contrast with Lleyton Hewitt, who won none. The official line ran that Hewitt was a venerable warrior still giving his all for his country. Meanwhile every Australian tennis luminary with a platform took the opportunity to decry Tomic’s lack of resolve, from Pat Rafter and Tony Roche court side, to John Fitzgerald back in the studio. If anything, Tomic is held in such low regard, even here in Australia, that his exceptional record when representing his nation actually blights the Davis Cup. You can imagine what will happen when he defeats Ryan Harrison in the fifth rubber of next year’s final, annulling the ANZUS treaty at a stroke. Thanks a bunch, Bernie.

Anyway, Australia wasn’t the only nation to progress to the 2014 World Group. Spain managed it, to no one’s surprise, defeating Ukraine 5-0 in the Caja Magica. Sadly the clay was an uninspired red, but really they could have contested the tie on pink ice cream it wouldn’t have affected the result. The Dutch squad inflicted commensurate misery on Austria, who ran out of players and were forced to wheel out Archduke Franz Ferdinand for the last match, bestowing new meaning on the term “dead rubber”. Apparently Viktor Troicki had rubbed him out back in Monte Carlo, the villain.

Germany had almost as easy a time seeing off Brazil. There’s a complicated joke lurking somewhere in there. Given what’s coming, I won’t be surprised if they draw the Czech Republic in the first round next year. Great Britain is also through, mainly because of Andy Murray. If history is any guide, then a strong British team will be essential in the years ahead. Japan came from behind to beat Colombia at home, while Israel lost from in front against Belgium away. Amir Weintraub has made his name with desperately fought Davis Cup wins and losses. There’s something about the format that agrees with him. It could be the team environment, though it’s probably more the rare freedom that comes from having other people worry about sundry irritants like food and accommodation, not to mention access to a coach. He battled to an inspiring victory over Ruben Bemelmans on the first day, finishing 10-8 in the fifth. It was a 10-8 in the fifth kind of day. Sadly he lost the deciding rubber to Steve Darcis in a quick and decisive manner. Darcis, it must be said, was superb this weekend.

Meanwhile, the semifinals proved all over again that although the final score may be the statistic that matters most, beyond the result it can obscure as much as it reveals. Both victorious nations eventually arrived at 3:2 score lines, but they only got there via wildly divergent paths. The Czech Republic, cruising on a futuristic hydrofoil of uncertain origin, had pulled so far ahead of Argentina’s squad that there was no chance they’d be overtaken. Jaroslav Navratil’s mullet streamed out magnificently in his wake, flanked on either side by his chief enforcers: the stern-faced replicant Tomas Berdych, and the wizened homunculus Radek Stepanek. The remainder of the team were confined below-decks, working the bilges, before they were released on the third day and summarily tossed overboard as consolations for the rapacious Argentines trailing astern. This was sold to Jiri Vesely as “experience”. Dead third days are the worst part of Davis Cup. For all that I’m not an advocate of wholesale change to the competition, I pray that any change that does come addresses that problem.

Serbia entered the home straight trailing Canada, although there was no immediate reason to panic given Novak Djokovic was to kick proceedings off. He wasn’t facing Nadal – he hadn’t faced Nadal in days – and thus could be relied upon to win. He did. It thus all came down to Janko Tipsarevic and Vasek Pospisil. Either man represented a slender thread from which to suspend a nation’s hopes. But for all that Tipsarevic has waned sharply of late, while Pospisil is rising with even greater urgency than Nick Kyrgios, you’d suspect the Serb would see it through, given the not inconsequential advantages of superior experience, a clay surface, and the home crowd. So it proved. Pospisil fought his heart out, although unlike his ankle at least his heart remained more or less intact. He fell heavily on the last point, stabbing at a desperate volley. Tipsarevic ran the ball down, put it away, and joined his opponent on his knees. It was a useful study in contrasts. Pospisil’s teammates rushed over to see if he was okay; Tipsarevic’s teammates rushed over and jumped on him. And why not? They’re through to face the defending champions in what will undoubtedly be the last peacetime Davis Cup final of the modern era.

September 16, 2013
Murray Questions Anti-Doping Transparency

World No. 3 Andy Murray has called for greater transparency from the ITF anti-doping unit as Maran Cilic appears in London to face his hearing on a failed test earlier in the year.

Cilic tested positive at the BMW Munich Open, later withdrawing from Wimbledon citing a knee injury when he was advised of the test results. The positive test was not made public as ITF protocols state that the hearings take place three months later to allow both parties to present a case. In Cilic’s case, the positive test was leaked by local Croatian media outlets.

“I think it’s about time everyone knew what was going on,” said Murray, who leads the British charge in the UK/Croatia Davis Cup clash. “Once it’s out in the open, then whether the hearing took two months or three or fourth months, so long as he isn’t playing in that period. I think it’s too long for no one to say he has failed a drugs test.”

Cilic’s camp has attributed the failed test down to purchasing an “over the counter” glucose supplement. If the ITF do enforce a ban then it will be backdated to Cilic’s last match and Wimbledon and depending on the sanction should be enforced for 6 to 24 months.

September 14, 2013
US Open 2013 Review: Men’s Final: Solving Problems

I don’t know about you but I am slowly becoming a fan of Rafa. I have always been impressed by him of course but I naively concluded that his game was built on muscle.

The closer I look the more I notice the attention to detail. I first noticed it early in this year’s US Open. To be a contender Rafa had to serve well. He did that when he won in 2010 but it put too much strain on his knees, so naturally I wondered whether he would have an answer this time. It turns out that he does. His answer is to trade pace for spin, saving his knees but creating big problems for his opponents. The extra spin is most obvious on TV in his swinging slice serve. The amount of movement he got looked like he was hitting a forehand for his serve and I liked it. The result of these changes is that in the final we saw that Rafa is currently the player that is better at solving the big problems. He backed up everything we have seen throughout 2013 to cement his claim as the best player of the year.

Technically and even tactically there really is not that much between the top two players. Rafa has won their two Major meetings this year but Novak has looked dominant many times during these matches. One thing Rafa hasn’t looked is desperate. That was how Djokovic looked for most of the match. Particularly when he was up in the third set. Not a calm man confident of success but a man celebrating as if he has to convince everyone, including himself, of his ability.

Rafa clearly put in diligent study, tennis R&D, during his seven months out exploring ways to compete with his obvious limitations. He used the injuries to improve his technique and strategy. Now that he is back on tour he is putting the R&D to work and taking the theory and molding it into a polished product.

What I mean here is that Rafa knows both himself, the tennis court, and his rivals. As a tennis player he knows what is available to both him and his opponents in any given situation. He uses that knowledge to formulate a plan of both attack and defense, where he can attack to setup a winning shot but also defend so that the attack doesn’t expose weakness. That is what I see. The specific shots and technical weaknesses are important mainly because they become the targets at which each player aims their strategy. What I see is that Rafa has built a huge castle around his game where he can rush in and attack yet quickly retreat to safety. He is using time and the art of surprise to his advantage at a level we haven’t seen before.

I see it most in his serve but it permeates his whole game. He doesn’t just use his shots and the court to apply pressure; he uses time itself. Controlling the rhythm of play can be a very useful weapon. It is complicated to achieve this by changing your effort, how hard you hit the ball because it affects your timing. Spin is one of the best ways to adjust the rhythm of a point without affecting the effort you put in and thus your timing. Rafa is addicted to spin and he has begun to use it to control the rhythm and timing of the point. That is his weapon. Things like his slice backhand can also be a weapon when used effectively to alter the rhythm of a point.

Like any gladiator it is not necessarily what that weapon is that matters, but how well he masters it. This battle is all about location, location, location. What I see is Rafa varying the pace of every shot through spin to defend when he has a weak position and attack when he has a good position. At the same time spin allows him to hit a very hard, very complicated shot with little risk of missing. The ball may go short or sit up but the effect of the spin creates an extra challenge for his opponent to overcome, adding to the defensive quality of the shot — something we noticed particularly in the fourth set with Novak missing several sitters with heavy spin.

Rafa also uses slice to slow the point down so that he can retreat to a good position or top spin to speed the point up and rush the ball past Novak. Slice can also keep it low and force Novak to hit up or Rafa’s topspin forehand can get the ball up high and make him stretch.

The use of spin and its effects are not new in this story between Rafa and Novak; Novak does exactly the same to Rafa and has had great success. What is new is how well Rafa is using the element of time to take the best positions and remove all but the riskiest opportunities. Just like classical warfare it is he who takes the best position most often that is most likely to win. That is what we have seen this tournament and this year.

Rafa understands more than anyone that odds and averages are everything, and he and Uncle Tony are happy to trawl through any data they can find to shift the odds their way. All the while they are just finding ways to create more pressure on their opponent over time. Attackers like Federer apply a lot of pressure in a short time but often run out of energy or start missing. This is true for mind, body, and spirit. Fed can literally run out of ideas. Rafa applies less pressure but keeps applying it for much longer. Novak is the same. They are used to applying pressure on every point. The physical side isn’t what matters to them; it’s the mental and emotional side.

Rafa handles that better than anyone. Many have better shots and physical attributes than he does, but no one has a better mind, and since tennis is 90% mental and a game of problem solving that’s the perfect recipe for success.

Edit September 16th

I watched the French Open Semi Final match between these two over the weekend. I forgot just how dominant Novak was at times. He was a break up in the fifth set until the eighth game. There are lots of ways to explain the ebbs and flows. The commentators put it all down to who hit the hardest. As a player myself with my own Rafa (Spin master) to train with I find the opposite to be the answer. Both were pushing their attack to its limits throughout the match. When we do that we often push too far and error, often tiring ourselves aswell and getting out of position. Djokovic was just giving lots of points away for this reason. Many more than he was winning with his all out attack. Nadal just defends too well and uses his attack against him.

Dialling back on the attack even just a couple of percent means you get much more in but also you are ready for the opponents response much sooner. Combine this with the concept of directionals and you see how getting the ball quickly to your opponent while at the same time putting yourself in bad position is giving them the key to open the door to your defence.

So, my interpretation of the ebbs and flows is that when a player patiently built a point focusing on consistently good position they generally did well. Novak particularly can attack off both wings and when he used this balanced attack he did well. It was much less effort and less risky. However Novak kept panicking and overplaying, often using Federers favourite, the inside out forehand, this is what Rafa wants, it creates a lot of space to aim at in Novaks forehand side and Novak is slow to recover from his big attack. Novak won less of these exchanges than he realises. Rafa won because maintaing position and waiting for the right ball and establishing a pressurising defence instead of risky and exciting attack demands patience and discipline. Two things Rafa did better than Novak in both the French and US open finals.

I say this mainly because I am finding this a much more efficient way to win. Particularly as I meet higher level opponents. Expecting longer points and having a strategy built for it is powerful. Using the opponents pace and spin against them becomes more and more important and ensures you have an answer even against much higher ranked opponents. They often get lulled into the belief that you don’t possess power and invariably hit harder against you giving you more to work with. I learnt the concepts from Fuzzy Yellow Balls which consider this the sneakiest weapon in tennis. Now I have learnt how to use it I agree and I am using it more and more. Seeing it work at the highest level really shows its value to me.

September 13, 2013
The Fan: Xavier Malisse’s Number One Fan, Kelsey Constantine

In this new feature Tennis Frontier.com talks to tennis fan Kelsey Constantine of Queens, NY about why she is an avid supporter of Belgium’s Xavier Malisse…

Q: How did you become a fan of tennis?

Kelsey Constantine: My mommy, daddy, and I watched the epic Wimbledon 2008 final between Rafa and Roger. We have been crazy tennis fans ever since.

Q: Why do you love the sport?

Kelsey: Tennis is a very exciting sport to me. I could watch it all the time. It is always nice to watch long, exciting points. It is nice to see how the different styles of players match up. I get excited when the players get fired up. It is a unique sport because you are out there all by yourself. It is nice to see upsets and young players do well.

Q: When and why did you become a fan of Malisse?

Kelsey: I became an Xavier fan in 2010 during the tournament in Atlanta. I was quite impressed and I loved his game. I liked how he doesn’t let his anger and frustration effect him in the next points. I feel his anger is a sign of passion and hunger. Most importantly, I liked that bun.

Q: Your greatest Malisse tennis moments?

Kelsey: I have many great moments of Xavier. I even love watching the matches from many years ago. I loved when he won the Indian Wells 2011 doubles with Alexandr Dolgopolov. I loved when he made the final in Chennai 2011. He made the round of 16 in Wimbledon in 2011 and 2012. He saved his points from the year before in 2012, which saved his career for one more year. He has always done well in Den Bosch, but beating David Ferrer was the highlight.

Q: Your most painful or worst Malisse tennis moment?

Kelsey: This US Open was the most painful for me. I keep crying about that because unless a miracle happens, it was his last US Open. Knowing I might not see him in person again is very painful. I was hoping he would play well and win a few rounds and maybe feel he could make it to one more US Open.

Q: A funny memory of Malisse?

Kelsey: My funniest memory of X-Man was when he said at the US Open 2012 vs John Isner that all players get 20 seconds and Rafa gets 45.

Q: First memory of Malisse?

Kelsey: My first memory of X was watching him on tv. He was playing in Atlanta in 2010 vs Andy Roddick and they went three sets. I have been a diehard fan ever since.

Q: Did you ever get the chance to meet Malisse?

Kelsey: I saw X-Man at the US Open 2011 when he was practicing in the park. I saw him in 2012 during the qualifying days when he was watching his compatriot Maxime Authom try to qualify. That year, I watched him play his doubles match with Mark Knowles.

Q: Who are some of your other favorite players?

Kelsey: Some of my other favorite players are Caroline Wozniacki, Paul Capdeville, Mikhail Youzhny, Jan Hernych, and all the Belgians.

Q: Any other players remind you of Malisse?

Kelsey: Alexander Dolgopolov reminds me of Xavier. First, because of the bun. He has explosive power just like X and he grips it and rips it. They are both great players with an extreme amount of talent.

Cover Photo: Carine06 (Creative Commons License)

September 11, 2013
Indefatigable

US Open, Final

(2) Nadal d. (1) Djokovic, 6-2, 3-6, 6-4, 6-1

Rafael Nadal yesterday defeated Novak Djokovic to win his second US Open title, continuing a return to the men’s tour that has surpassed the most ardent hopes of all but of his most ambitious fans. It has been a comeback to beggar belief, an opinion I’ll continue to maintain despite the fact that Greg Rusedski agrees with it. If anything, Rusedski went further, and summarily declared it to be the greatest comeback in sporting history. One questions both the length and breadth of his historical perspective, given he’d earlier insisted the match was well on the way to becoming the greatest US Open final ever played. It certainly wasn’t that, though it undeniably had its moments. The longest of these moments was a 54-stroke rally destined to pad out innumerable highlights packages. The best of them came at the very end as Nadal collapsed in ecstasy to the court, victorious in New York once more.

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First some numbers, which can as ever be relied upon to render the achievement excitingly comprehensible. This US Open is Nadal’s thirteenth Major overall, which moves him to third on the all-time list of winners, one ahead of Roy Emerson, and trailing only Roger Federer and Pete Sampras. Since returning to the tour in February he has contested thirteen events, reaching the final at all but one of them (Wimbledon), and claiming the title ten times. (This incidentally equals the number of titles Jo-Wilfried Tsonga has won in his entire career.) He has won sixty matches, easily the most on tour, and lost just three. Today he became only the third player ever to sweep the main events comprising the US summer, meaning Canada, Cincinnati, and the US Open (the other two men were Andy Roddick in 2003, and Pat Rafter in 1998). Overall Nadal has compiled an astonishing 22-0 record on hard courts this year, and hasn’t technically lost a hard-court match since Indian Wells last year.

Nadal’s previous US Open title came in 2010, although I’ll court opprobrium and suggest that today’s title is more convincing, insofar as the convincingness of tournament victories is something that can or should be measured. There was a prevailing sense that his first title, for all that it completed his Career Grand Slam, was a testament to opportunism. The fast New York DecoTurf was generally held to be his worst surface. Meanwhile, the two best hard-courters at the time – Federer and Djokovic – had fought each other to a standstill in the late semifinal, after Nadal had already breezed past a wearied Mikhail Youzhny, having faced no one more threatening before that. Realistically his path to this year’s final hasn’t been much more taxing: replace Verdasco with Robredo, and a weary Youzhny with a weary Gasquet. The difference is that this time round Nadal was deservedly one of the pre-tournament favourites, and, given his recent results and form, it is perverse to pretend he is now anything but entirely suited to outdoor hard courts. Favourites always have an easier draw, since by definition they rarely face anyone they are not expected to defeat. He had a favourable US Open draw for the same reason he had favourable draws at Roland Garros: because he earned them.

Nadal might have been a favourite, but he was by no means unbacked, especially faced with the other favourite. Djokovic is still the world No. 1, even if it is rare for him to recapture the form of his majestic 2011 season, and rarer still to see him sustain it outside of Australia. It’s been the pattern of his year, and it was his pattern in tonight’s final. When Djokovic played at his best, and more importantly, when he thought at his best, he was the better player. But he couldn’t keep it up. Nadal began exceptionally well, once more employing the tactic that had served him well in the French Open semifinal, of pressing hard up the line with his forehand early in the rallies, invariably catching Djokovic out. Djokovic also reprised his strategy from Paris, which was to eschew tactical clarity of any sort, and to avoid the authoritative backhand up the line that once ranked among the sport’s most fearsome shots. The two players combined for a one-sided 6-2 first set.

The change came in the second set, and it had little to do with Nadal, who continued to strike his forehand ferociously. Suddenly he was having fewer of them to hit, and he was increasingly obliged to hit them from less stable positions. Djokovic hadn’t started to strike the ball better, but he was now directing it far more intelligently, which enabled him to control the rallies. Then, having established himself, he did start to strike the ball better, and abruptly revealed himself to be the fearsome version of himself from two years ago, the one who would patiently pummel Nadal’s backhand until it cracked, and who would only bring the Spaniard’s forehand into play at a moment of his choosing. Djokovic romped through the latter stages of the second set, and moved ahead a break in the third.

Then, inexplicably, he abandoned this winning game plan, and returned to scattered hitting. Why he didn’t keep it up, one cannot imagine, although I’ll admit that although Nadal’s backhand seems dramatically less fearsome from a remote vantage, it might not feel so gentle when it’s coming at you. It isn’t a poor shot by any standards – even when he isn’t hitting it that well it remains solid, and today he was hitting it well – but it doesn’t measure up to his forehand. More importantly, it doesn’t measure up to Djokovic’s forehand, which is the match up that matters, or would have mattered if Djokovic had only maintained it. It would be useful to see Hawkeye data on Djokovic’s groundstroke placement for that period when he was ascendant, as compared to his placement for the rest of the match. I suspect it would be sufficiently revealing that even he as a player might take notice. Certainly it would tell us more than blunt instrument stats such as unforced errors. Alas, the presiding powers keep their data close, preferring to use them to generate complicated metrics of use to nobody.

Nadal is probably the best player I have ever seen at sustaining apparently mortal blows yet remaining unbowed, having proved his resilience in countless matches, especially against Federer. He knows in his armature that while anyone can ascend to stratospheric heights for a time, even the very best must come down for oxygen eventually. If they don’t, then well-played to them, but if they do . . . Djokovic had been soaring into orbit, but the moment his throat constricted, Nadal leaped forward, and planted his foot on it. I suspect this made it hard to think clearly. With his mind gone, Djokovic’s body soon followed. Before long he was spraying balls everywhere, and was broken again to drop the set. The fourth set wasn’t close, although considering the 6-1 scoreline it wasn’t especially short, either. But it wasn’t too long before Nadal was accepting Djokovic’s heartfelt congratulations at the net, while 20,000 onlookers screamed affectionately at them. Nadal moves to an impressive 13-5 in Major finals, while Djokovic falls to 6-6.

CBS had its usual way with the trophy presentation, just as they’d had their way with the schedule. Having learned the lesson of the 2009 final, after which Juan Martin del Potro selfishly attempted to address his supporters in Spanish, the tournament’s broadcaster ensured today’s ceremony was as brief as it was devoid of interest. The whole thing was over in about five minutes. In Melbourne the indefatigable Kia spokesman would have barely begun his vocal warm-ups. Neither Djokovic nor Nadal bothered to dignify Mary Carillo’s inane questions with anything like an answer. Nor did they manage to look more than mildly appreciative as the lavish cash prizes were rapturously announced. Nadal bit into his silverware, and loyal American viewers were whisked away to confront the recurring enigma of Two and a Half Men (now that the smart-arse kid has grown up, the enduring mystery of the show’s popularity has been augmented with confusion over which of them is actually the half-man).

Those of us lucky enough to be watching on an alternative network weren’t let off so lightly. Sky Sports had assembled its entire team on the court, though they were still one microphone short. Nadal wandered over for a chat, and hit all his marks: gracious, thoughtful, and clearly keen to be elsewhere. Asked if he was going to take a rest now he responded with a chuckle that he had Davis Cup, and then ambled away. After he’d left Rusedski lamented that they hadn’t asked him whether he would overtake Federer’s Major title record. I can’t imagine what Rusedski thinks Nadal’s response might have been.

Djokovic will still be world No. 1 when the rankings are released next week, regardless of what happens in Davis Cup, and the week after that. The change will likely come in Asia, assuming Nadal bothers to play. Indeed, given he has precisely zero points to defend until February, Nadal boasts the enviable luxury of being able to choose when and where he retakes the top spot. It must be a pleasant thought. Then again, one imagines that having emphatically claimed his thirteenth Major title, Rafael Nadal hardly requires another reason to feel joy.

September 10, 2013
All The Way Up

The 2013 US Open Men’s Final

[2] Rafael Nadal def. [1] Novak Djokovic 6-2, 3-6, 6-4, 6-1

From the perspective of a psychologist-Rafa-fan-tennis-blogger, there was not a lot wrong with the 2013 US Open men’s final. The trophy ceremony is another story, but the final itself was tremendous—Brobdingnagian, even. From Novak Djokovic’s perspective, the immense beauty of the match was likely diminished by the bevy of unforced errors that contributed to his losing. (The Serb made upwards of four-dozen.) But from where I sat—on a blue yoga ball in my living room —it was not only an exciting final, but also an instructive one. Over the course of nearly four hours, Nadal and Djokovic took turns revealing the frescoed ceiling of what is possible when preternatural talent meets application and deep-seated drive.

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No, the trouble with this final, from my perspective, had nothing to do with the tennis. It was the desire the tennis instilled in me to quote novelists, in particularly, the urge to quote Ernest Hemingway— or as the Gulbis Clan would spell it, Ernests. The problem with quoting the Latvian No. 1’s approximate namesake is twofold. First, when the opportunity arises to connect tennis matches to the American Jazz Age—such opportunities are shockingly few and far between—I prefer to quote F. Scott (or even Zelda) Fitzgerald because they are, well, way jazzier than Ernie. Those two really knew how to make their adjectives sing. Second, and perhaps more important, I’ve already quoted this particular passage of Hemingway here once before.

Much like Novak Djokovic feeding balls to Nadal’s forehand, re-quoting famous authors is not a pattern I’m looking to fall into. Last week it was Borges, this week Hemingway. Who’s next, Carrie Bradshaw? (Yes, I am 99.9% percent sure I somehow linked Sex & the City to Nadal’s footwork. Or maybe it was David Ferrer’s calves.*) But the fact remains that when Rafael Nadal stole the third set out from under Djokovic’s racquet, and then executed a deep knee-bend accompanied by a lawnmower-style fist-pump, my first thought was a worry that he’d pulled a hamstring. (It was a fist-pump as awkward-looking as it was enthusiastic.) The second thing that popped into my head was Jake’s answer to Robert Cohn in Hemingway’s The Sun Also Rises: “Nobody lives their life all the way up except bull-fighters.” Whether or not the statement is accurate, the sentiment underneath it is true.

So, to continue in the storied tradition of assembling terminology from other sports into descriptive metaphors about tennis—e.g., boxing, horse racing, ballet, baseball, orienteering, hopscotch, glee club, etc.—this tennis match was a bull-fight. To keep the outcome in question as long as possible, Djokovic and Nadal took turns playing the roles of matador and bull. They traded-off between sets, or on the occasional change of ends. Once in awhile they even switched between individual points, one assumes so they’d have something to do while they waited for that annoying guy in the stands to stop lowing like a wounded herbivore. The 2013 final was a showy spectacle; as brutal as it was beautiful.

If you saw this tennis fight—maybe from the comfort of your own yoga ball, or even better, from a seat in the stands—you won’t soon forget it. And if you did not watch it, you should. But if you did see it and want to relive it, or if you couldn’t watch, maybe because you forgot what TV channel CBS occupies (I had some trouble with this myself last weekend) here’s how I saw it:

Nadal was extraordinarily dominant in the first set—100% torero. He served thoughtfully and forcefully, winning 80% of his first serves and nearly 60% of the second. The Mallorcan maintained his aggressive 2013 court positioning; sliced and passed with his backhand; and did all the standard damage, plus a little extra, with his forehand. When Rafa held for 4-2 John McEnroe said, “This first set is highly important, to put it mildly.” I agreed, mildly. Including yesterday’s match, Rafael Nadal is 152-3 when winning the first set at a major.

Of course, one of those three losses came to Novak Djokovic, on a hard court in Australia, in a match that lasted forty days and forty nights (or at least all the way through a California night). During yesterday’s surprisingly lopsided first set, it looked as if Djokovic was struggling mightily with the wind on Arthur Ashe Stadium, which is known intergalactically as the universe’s largest-ever sporting centrifuge. When Djokovic stretches for a backhand return out wide, or a forehand on the run, he looks like he travels through space and time. It’s uncanny eye-bending stuff. The Serb moves with marvelous quickness and his balance is fantastic, but his footwork can’t quite keep up with the rest of him. Nadal’s form is better there. So is Ferrer’s, for that matter. (Probably because of his calves.**)

Anyway, as Rafa closed out the first set 6-2, I start to wonder if the combined forces of Nadal’s aggression and Mother Nature’s breath were going to make quicker-than-expected work of this match. It was about that time that Djokovic began to find his footing and take the ritual steps that would transform him into a full-fledged tennis deity. It’s tempting to say the change hinged on the 54-shot rally on break point in the second set. It was a rally that included several pummeled forehands from Rafa, ended with Nadal netting a ball, and was immediately followed by Djokovic lifting his arms in triumph while the stadium erupted in applause. In reality, the change started early in the second set, and would require a few more games to solidify.

In fact, Nadal broke back immediately to put the set back on serve at 3-4. But then Djokovic broke back again, and Nadal found himself pushed well behind the baseline. The Serb won the second set convincingly, but it wasn’t actually until the beginning of the third set that Djokovic played his best tennis. It’s almost not enough to say he was unplayable, his shots—particularly his return of serve and his forehand crosscourt—were downright untouchable. On the other side of the net, Rafael Nadal hung his head, downtrodden. It was 2011 all over again.

At 1-1, 4-4, 0-40 on Nadal’s serve, Rafa-fans were experiencing some measure of distress (to put it mildly). Djokovic had won the first point of the game with a brilliant lob, and most all of the Serb’s returns were skimming the baseline. In the process of losing the second point of the game, after hitting a quality forehand that Nadal seemed to have expected to be a winner, Rafael Nadal stumbled on the baseline and went down—swinging. (He was truly trying to hit the tennis ball even as his rear-end hit the concrete.) The Spaniard looked wounded, but in soul more than body. I wondered if he would recover from the indignity of having to stand by helplessly as Djokovic turned the match on its head. I should have known better.

It’s both tempting and accurate to say that it was at the very moment when Rafa was down triple break point that he turned it all the way up. Nadal saved the first break point with a forehand winner, a better version of the shot that saw him to the seated position just minutes earlier. At 15-40 he slowed the rally to a snail’s pace by slicing his backhand until he drew the error from Djokovic. The third break point he saved with his first ace and fastest serve of the match, at 125 mph. Nadal eventually held with an overhead smashed so hard it bounced into the stands and flattened Edward Norton’s hairdo. Nadal went on to wrest the third set away from Djokovic’s deserving hands, then run away with the fourth, while Novak went back to making unhappy unforced errors.

The most pronounced moment of tension in the fourth set actually came from the stands, when the crowd was unable to shush itself before championship point. I didn’t have my stopwatch handy, but that had to be the most protracted collective “shhhhhhhh” in the record books. It was, I suspect, longer than the combined time CBS gave Nadal and Djokovic to thank their coaches and families. The match ended, fittingly, with an error from Djokovic.

Continuing on with his habit of flinging his body against every hard court he conquers, Rafael Nadal immediately stopped, dropped, and rolled—and cried. Nadal and Djokovic shared a warm hug at the net, and then Rafa went back to joyfully rolling around on the court. (Who can blame him? He really has been on fire this season. Rafa now owns 10,860 ranking points as compared with Novak Djokovic’s 10,980.) The trophy ceremony was awkward and rushed. Both Nadal and Djokovic did well to answer the question they should have been asked, rather than the one they were asked. There were also way too many American flags. It’s better not to dwell on it. Instead, I’ve prepared a poignant summation, replete with fitting quotations:

Last time I mentioned the Hemingway passage from The Sun Also Rises was in a post I wrote before the 2012 US Open. My intention had been to comfort dismayed Nadal fans. Hey, the sun also rises. Buck up, and whatnot. And see, I was right. A lot can change in twelve months’ time. With some trepidation—given my loyalties—I offer the same sentiment to Djokovic fans today. Novak Djokovic will probably be disappointed with this performance, particularly with his play in the first and fourth sets. But in watching both the men’s and women’s finals this year I was mostly struck by the shared capacity of this small group of extraordinary athletes. They fight.

The other Swiss, Stanislas Wawrinka, authored the most heartwarming storyline at this year’s US Open and I was disappointed not to have a chance to write more about him. I did watch, and cheer for him, and even found myself doing an air-punch fog-horn blast thing whenever he hit a booming backhand winner. (Which none of you saw, right?) So, I think it’s fitting if I let Stan have the last word. When it comes to Djokovic and Nadal—and Serena and Vika—they’re supremely good at tennis, that’s true. But when it comes to effort, will, and intent, they’re seriously “fucking strong.”

*In case you are wondering, I try to mention David Ferrer’s calves at least once per major tournament. His calf muscles happen to generate dozens upon dozens of Google searches (more even than the number of unforced errors Djokovic hit in the final) and I have decided they’re good for business.

~For those of you who do not live in the United States and were deprived of team-ESPN’s commentary, you might be interested to know that Brad Gilbert and Patrick McEnroe tirelessly interviewed each and every American football player who showed up in the stands to gain the best possible understanding of exactly which position Nadal should have played had he ever shown the slightest interest in playing American football. From what I can tell the verdict was split between “running back” and “he’s too f***ing small to play football.”

**See first footnote.

September 10, 2013
Nadal the Great, Part 1: Rafa’s Window of Opportunity

[This is the first of two thematically-linked articles focusing on Rafael Nadal and his quest for greatness; the second article will be out in a day or two.]

Rafael Nadal turned 27 years old a few months ago, about a week before winning his 8th French Open and 12th Slam overall, at that point and now, with his 13th Slam victory, standing behind only Pete Sampras (14) and Roger Federer (17) for the most Slams in the Open Era; if we include pre-Open Era Pro Slams–as I think we should–we add a few others so we get the following list:

Most Slam Wins in Tennis History (Pro, Amateur, and Open Era)

23 Ken Rosewall
19 Rod Laver
17 Pancho Gonzales, Roger Federer
14 Bill Tilden, Pete Sampras
13 Rafael Nadal

With 13 Slam wins and, still only 27 years old, playing some of the best tennis of his life, it’s reasonable to start taking seriously the idea that Nadal could surpass Federer. Now with a player as great as Nadal there are few comparable players – once you get to this level anything is possible and new benchmarks can be made. And of course Nadal, like all of the greats, has his unique style of tennis: a blend of tremendous athleticism, defensive prowess, unrivaled topspin that has been the bane of many a player, and of course his perhaps unparalleled tenacity. (For those watching the US Open Final, you might have heard John McEnroe say that he thought Jimmy Connors tried harder than any player in tennis history until Rafa came along.) But it is still important to ask: What are the precedents? In particular, how many Slams did the above players win after turning 27? And of players with fewer Slams, how many of their total were won after their 27^th birthday?

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Let’s take a look. We’ll start with the above list of “inner circle greats” with the seven highest total Slam victories. We’ll also look at those players in the Open Era that won 6+ Slams, although will exclude those players who did not (or have not yet) played at age 27: Bjorn Borg – who played his last Slam at age 25 – and Novak Djokovic, who is 26. I’m also going to exclude Bill Tilden because he played tennis during a very different era; coupled with the fact that he didn’t win his first Slam until age 27 and won his last at age 42 (!), he skews the numbers in a way that has little relevance to the current game. In truth, we could easily exclude Gonzales, Rosewall, and Laver as well, but I’d like to include them as other “GOAT” candidates (more on this in the second part).

This gives us a list of 14 players: GOAT candidates Rosewall, Laver, Gonzales, Federer, Sampras, and Nadal, as well as “outer circle” all-time greats John Newcombe, Jimmy Connors, Ivan Lendl, John McEnroe, Mats Wilander, Stefan Edberg, Boris Becker, and Andre Agassi. As of last night, those 14 players have won a total of 160 Slams.

To start, let’s take a look at the age at which those Slams were won. For the sake of ease, by age I mean the age a player turned in a given year, not the time period between their birthdays. So, for example, any Slam in 2013 is part of Nadal’s “age 27 season” – even the Australian Open, during which he was still 26. Obviously this isn’t exact, and it doesn’t differentiate between players who were born in January versus December, but it’s close enough for the purpose of this study. We’ll be more exact in a moment when we turn our gaze to his closest contemporaries.

As you can see, plenty of Slams were won up until the age 31 season but there’s a steep and remarkable drop-off at age 32 and beyond. (As a side note, it is worth mentioning that 2012 was Federer’s age 31 season, and this year is his age 32 season, so he follows this pattern quite well.)

Of those 14 players, three did not win a Slam at Rafa’s current age – Wilander’s last was at age 24, McEnroe’s at age 25, and Edberg’s at age 26. The rest, however, did win Slams at age 27 and older.

Rafael Nadal has 13 Slams through his age 27 season. Of the 160 Slams above, 107 were won through age 27, or 67%. If Nadal follows that same ratio, it means he’ll end up with 19 Slams. But note that of those 53 Slams won at age 28 and later, 32 were won by Pancho Gonzales, Ken Rosewall, and Rod Laver – players whose primes were in a very different era. If we take those three out of the mix, we’re left with 101 Slams total and 21 won at age 28 and older – only 21% compared to the 33% total. If Nadal follows that trajectory, it means that he’ll finish with 16, maybe 17.

Now let’s look more closely at Nadal’s closest contemporaries: Federer, Sampras, and Agassi. Between the three they won 39 Slams. Of those 39 Slams, 12 were won at age 28 or later – or 31%. If Nadal follows a similar pattern, that means his 13 Slams is 69% of his total, and that he’ll win 17 or 18 total.

Those numbers are somewhat skewed by Andre Agassi’s remarkable longevity. Agassi is the rare player who was better in the second half of his career than he was in the first half, winning five of his eight Slams during his age 29 and later seasons. Sampras and Federer, on the other hand, won seven of their 31 total at age 28 and later – or 23%. So it really depends upon whose career path Nadal is closer to.

Let’s be a bit more specific with Federer and Sampras. Federer turned 27 on August 8, 2008, shortly before winning his fifth and last US Open. From his 27^th birthday on, he’s won five Grand Slam tournaments (so far!), 29.4% of his total. Three of those five were before his 28^th birthday, so after turning 28 he has won only two Slams.

As for Sampras, he turned 27 on August 12, 1998, shortly after winning his 11^th of 14 Grand Slams. He won his 12^th just before turning 28, his 13^th just before turning 29, and his 14^th just after turning 31.

Between Federer and Sampras, they won 23 of their Slams before turning 27 (74%), four at age 27 (13%), and four after turning 28 (13%).

Nadal has one more Slam before his 28^th birthday — the 2014 Australian Open. So far he’s won two Slams at age 27, so has a chance of equaling Federer’s three while 27-years old. Yet here’s where the “window of opportunity” starts to close. Both Sampras and Federer won only two more Slams each after turning 28 (again, so far – we should completely write Roger off…yet). So if Nadal follows their career pattern – and even if he wins the AO to get to 14 – he’ll finish with 16 Slam wins; that’s certainly nothing to be ashamed about but not quite enough to catch Federer.

But remember also that Andre Agassi won five Slams after turning 28 – and he isn’t the only player to do so; Rosewall, Laver, and Gonzales all won that many or more after turning 28. It could also be said that, in some ways, Nadal plays a style more similar to Agassi than Sampras and Federer. While it should be said that one commonality that just about every all-time great has, especially the inner circle greats, is that they were adept at offense and defense, like Agassi, Nadal plays a more defending than attacking tennis. Whether there is any correlation between this and longevity is questionable.

Some have explained Agassi’s longevity – which is unmatched in terms of maintaining an elite level of play, at least since Ken Rosewall in the 1970s – to him missing significant periods of time earlier in his career, and thus avoiding the grueling schedule that Sampras and, more so, Federer has undergone. Rafa has missed some time, although not nearly as much as Andre.

Another thing to bear in mind is that both Sampras and Federer were great servers – Sampras arguably the greatest in tennis history, and Federer certainly among the greatest – while Nadal has been considered a particularly weak server for such a great player (although his serve of late seems to have taken on new guile and spin, last night notwithstanding). Just recently some commentator or analyst—unfortunately I can’t remember whom—said that the reason Federer is struggling so much is that his serve has been off. It makes me wonder if the fact that a larger portion of Sampras’s and Federer’s greatness comes from their serve than, say, Agassi or Nadal, which makes decline after losing an edge on serve more certain.

Obviously Nadal’s longevity is tied into his health, particularly his knees. It is hard to imagine his knees holding out for another half decade of healthy tennis. But until they go, that is, until Nadal finds himself missing more tournaments than not, and struggling with recovery times, he should remain a top player. I would guess that when he starts to “go”, it will happen fast. I can’t help but imagine that Nadal is currently playing on borrowed time, although as a fan of the game I certainly hope not.

In conclusion, we started with asking the question: What is Rafa’s window of opportunity for continued greatness and Slam contention? Is it closing? If not, when will it close? There really is no way to definitively answer those questions – but that’s not the point of this article. What I’m trying to do is develop an informed opinion, one that is flexible but has an awareness of context.

In the end I’m left with this: It all depends upon the health of the knees, which he relies upon for his incredible speed and endurance. But given his incredible will and tenacity, I suspect that Rafa has a few good years left in him. There may be bumps in the road, and the older one becomes the longer recovery from injury takes, but Rafa has given us reason to believe that he will—like other all-time greats—remain effective into his 30s. After age 31, all bets are off, but that still gives us about four years of potential greatness from the Spanish Maestro, and in that time he has a chance to build a case to be considered the greatest player of all time. But more on that next …

Photo by globalite (Creative Commons license)

Original chart made using onlinecharttool.com

September 10, 2013
Rafael Nadal Wins the US Open

Takes his second US Open singles title, 6-2, 3-6, 6-4, 6-1 over Novak Djokovic.

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In what was widely set up as a battle for dominance at the end of this year, Rafael Nadal beat Novak Djokovic in a four-set war. Most of their battles seem to involve blood, and this was no different, even though it failed to go the distance.

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Both seemed to start sharp in the first. Djokovic may have been feeling the effects of the five-set semifinal he played against Stan Wawrinka two days ago, and failed to meet Nadal’s intensity. The Spaniard won the first set, 6-2, with two breaks of serve.

In the second, Djokovic broke early, but Nadal broke straight back. However, the Serbian No. 1 found the intensity he had been lacking and began to run the No. 2 around the court. He broke again at 3-4 to serve for it at 5-3, and won the set. All momentum at this point was in his favor.

To open the third, Djokovic broke at love. While Djokovic seemed to be in control in the early part of the set, Nadal kept up the pressure, broke back, and finally snuck the set out at the last minute: 6-4.

Djokovic initially pressured on the Nadal serve at the beginning of the fourth set, but the Spaniard eventually ran away with it to win the title: 6-1 in the fourth.

Previous to this match, each had won one title at the USO, so the balance now falls in Rafa’s favor. Nadal also lifts his unbroken streak on hard courts this year to 22-0. And, while Djokovic retains his No. 1 status for a short while longer, Nadal has crept up to within 920 points of Novak, with nothing to defend for the rest of the year. The shift at the top seems only a matter of time.

September 10, 2013